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Fundamentals of Sound

Content Contributed by icubed &
Edited for audioMIDI.com by Kincaid Smith

January 15, 2002

 

Before you can learn about audio hardware, recording, editing and mixing, you must first have an understanding of the fundamentals of audio. Once you understand these basic concepts, we will be able to explain how they relate to what you are doing, and apply them through your real world experience.

We know that this material is quite technical, but we are only presenting basic concepts which are applicable to the most fundamental aspects of digital music creation, and have consolidated what many references spend chapters discussing. If you would like information beyond what is presented here, then you may want to visit your local library for more detailed references.

Every sound consists of rapid variations in air pressure (or any other medium that conducts sound). Anything that makes sound; guitar strings, drum heads, vocal chords, etc. does so by vibrating back and forth. Vibrating surfaces push air molecules back and forth, creating positive and negative changes in air pressure. These changes in air pressure are called sound waves. These waves travel through space via the compression and rarefaction of air molecules and upon reaching our ears the waves are introduced to our aural receptors as vibrations. The brain then interprets these signals as sound.

The most typical way of looking at a sound is as a waveform.

 

 

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